Security Reminder
Local does a pretty good job of scrubbing private info from the logs and the errors it produces, however there’s always the possibility that something private can come through. Because these are public forums, always review the screenshots you are sharing to make sure there isn’t private info like passwords being displayed.
You might try clicking on Site Shell on your other site, and then using CLI commands to disable plugins or swap themes. It might be that it’s run into a conflict. To start you could run something like, wp plugin deactivate --all
Are there any major differences between the hosted version and Local version in configuration? As far as WP/PHP/MySQL versions or server type?
As a hail mary, something else you could try is exporting the site and then completely deleting it from Local. Then spinning up a new, blank site and importing the contents manually to see if that will get things working again: